Wednesday, 19 June 2019

WHAT IS HISTOGRAM?

histogram is an accurate representation of the distribution of numerical data. It is an estimate of the probability distribution of a continuous variableIt differs from a bar graph, in the sense that a bar graph relates two variables, but a histogram relates only one. 
To construct a histogram, the first step is to "bin" (Data interval) the range of values that is, divide the entire range of values into a series of intervals and then count how many values fall into each interval. The bins are usually specified as consecutive, non-overlapping intervals of a variable. The bins (intervals) must be adjacent, and are often (but are not required to be) of equal size



 OR

A histogram is a display of statistical information that uses rectangles to show the frequency of data items in successive numerical intervals of equal size. In the most common form of histogram, the independent variable is plotted along the horizontal axis and the dependent variable is plotted along the vertical axis. The data appears as colored or shaded rectangles of variable area.
    


Ni namna ya kuwakilisha data kitakwimu. Data hizi zinakuwa zimewekwa katika makundi yanayo fuatana bila kuruka hata kundi moja. KWA MFANO HIZI hapa chini  NI DATA




25,22
36,38,36,38
46,45,48,46
55,55,52,58,55
68,67,61,72 and 91

zikipangwa katika makundi yanofuatana zitakuwa hivi

20-30   kuna data 2 ambazo zipo kundi hili          

30-40 kuna data 4 ambazo zipo kundi hili            

40-50   kuna data 4 ambazo zipo kundi hili         

50-60  kuna data 5 ambazo zipo kundi hili        

60-70  kuna data 3 ambazo zipo kundi hili         

70-80   kuna data 1 ambazo zipo kundi hili       

80-90 kuna data 0 ambazo zipo kundi hili   
        
90-100 kuna data 1 ambazo zipo kundi hili 
 na kama utajumlisha idadi ya data kwa kila kundi basi utapa jumla sawa na data ulizo nazo.  = 2+4+4+5+3+1+0+1       




jumla ni 20, na haya makundi yanafuatana bila kuacha hata namba moja na yana tofauti zinazofanana(maandishi mekundu mwanzo mwa page.)


BAADAYE GRAPH ITACHORWA IKIZINGATIA KUNDI NA IDADI YA DATA ZILIZO ANGUKIA KUNDI HILO. HORIZONTAL AXIS DATA INTERVAL-BIN VERTICAL AXIS IDADI YA HIZO NAMBA




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