L6-2 ENTERPRENEURSHIP ASSIGNMENT QN AN ANSWER.

 

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:     

                                                                             

Describe common types of medicine and medical supplies in Tanzania

Given date 28/12/2020

Submission date 03/01/2021

Introduction. 2 marks

 Four points 2.5 marks each. 5 points

2 x 5 = 10/10

10/10 x 100%

=100%.

 

ANSWER.

·         Medicines and medical supplies outlets means establishment that is engaged in dispensing, delivery or distribution of drugs, This is establishment can be: Any pharmacy, Nursing home, Shelter home, Convalescent home, Extended care facility,drug abuse treatment center, Penal institution, hospital, Family planning clinic, Student health center, Retail store, Wholesaler, manufacturer, mail-order vendor.

The following are the common drug outlet in Tanzania

     Community pharmacy, Hospital pharmacy, Whole sales, accredited drug dispensing outlet (ADDO)

 

 Community pharmacy is also known as retail pharmacy as per pharmacy act no. 1 of 2011 it includes the retail sale of medicines products but does not include a professional practice carried by a medical practitioner or veterinarian. Retail Pharmacy must have a minimum of three rooms with clear demarcation and linked to each other for displaying, dispensing and storerooms. The premises must have one main secured entrance and where applicable an emergency rear door. The minimum total size/ area of the premises shall at least measure 25 m2. The rooms should have not less than 2.5m internal heights. The rooms should be equipped as indicated in the inspection checklist with adequate shelves or pallets as the case may be for proper display and storage of medicines respectively. For the retail pharmacies that plan to offer other services approved by the Council, shall get approval from Council, must have extra separate rooms and must comply with standards stipulated for the provision of such services

 

Whole sale pharmacy as per pharmacy act no.1 of 2011 means a business of dealing in human medicines or medical devices in bulk or wholesale but does not include importers of human medicines, medical devices, food, cosmetics and veterinary medicines

Wholesale pharmacy shall have not less than three rooms with clear demarcation and linked to each other for display, receiving and dispatch, record keeping and storage. The premises must have one main secured entrance. The premises shall have a minimum total size/ area of at least 40m². The rooms should have not less than 2.5m internal heights.

The rooms should be equipped with adequate shelves and pallets for proper display and storage of medicines as indicated in the inspection checklist.

Accredited drug dispensing outlet

ADDO stands for Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets, a program that was established in 2003 to improve access to essential medicines and pharmaceutical services to the population living in rural and peri-urban areas where there were no pharmacies.

ADDOs are to be located in rural areas and small towns where the availability of medicines is problematic In peripheral areas of big towns or cities where the availability of medicines is erratic, In the small town with a population of about 3,000 to 5,000, the ADDO must be established at a distance not less than 300 meters in each direction from the nearest ADDO. In rural areas the distance should not be less than 200 meters from the nearest ADDO and not less than 500 meters from a pharmacy. (Distance is not taken into consideration for veterinary ADDOs.)  

 ADDOs should not be located in or close by an area where there are open sewage systems, dumping sites, or industries using toxic chemicals.  

ADDO Building (Premises) 

Should be a permanent, well-built structure, Should have a sturdy, leak-proof roof and ceiling, Should have a solid floor which can be easily cleaned, Should have sturdy walls painted white which can be easily cleaned, Should have two front doors—a strong outer door for security and an inner glass door that should be kept closed to protect against dust, insects, and rodents   

Hospital pharmacy

Is the health care service, which comprises the art, practice, and profession of choosing, preparing, storing, compounding, and dispensing medicines and medical devices, advising healthcare professionals and patients on their safe, effective and efficient use. Hospital pharmacy have some common criteria with retail pharmacy